Symptoms
What is PMS, and when is it PMDD?
PMS (premenstrual syndrome) is the set of physical and emotional symptoms some people get in the weeks before a period, and it usually eases once the period starts. It varies a lot between people and from month to month. A small number of people get a much more severe form called PMDD, which is real and treatable.
What are the symptoms of PMS?
The NHS lists these symptoms:
- Mood swings, feeling irritable, low, anxious or upset.
- Tiredness or trouble sleeping.
- Bloating, cramping or breast tenderness.
- Headaches, spotty skin or greasy hair.
- Changes in appetite or food cravings.
It varies a lot between people and from month to month. Plenty of people barely notice it.
What helps with PMS?
- Regular exercise.
- Smaller meals every 2 to 3 hours.
- Plenty of sleep, and yoga or meditation if they suit you.
- Paracetamol or ibuprofen for pain.
- Less alcohol, and not smoking.
The NHS says there isn’t much evidence that supplements like vitamin B6, calcium, vitamin D or magnesium work.
How do I know it is PMS?
Logging symptoms for at least 2 cycles shows whether they really line up with your period. It’s also the first thing a doctor will ask about.
What is PMDD?
A small number of people get a much more severe form called PMDD: intense anxiety, anger or low mood, sometimes with thoughts of suicide, as well as physical symptoms. It’s real and treatable, with options like the combined pill, talking therapy (CBT) or antidepressants.
If you feel suicidal, get help now. Call your local emergency number or a support line. They’re listed under Support lines in Seventh.
When should I see a doctor about PMS?
See a doctor if:
- Lifestyle changes haven’t helped.
- Your symptoms are affecting your daily life.
Frequently asked questions
How long does PMS last?
It usually starts in the days before a period and eases once the period starts. ACOG describes it as symptoms in the 5 days before a period that end within 4 days after it begins.
Do supplements help with PMS?
The NHS says there isn’t much evidence that supplements like vitamin B6, calcium, vitamin D or magnesium work.
Can anxiety or depression look like PMS?
Yes, they overlap. A sign that it may be more than PMS is symptoms that are present all month and get worse before or during your period. A doctor can help tell them apart.
Sources
Seventh is a free period and cycle tracker for iPhone and iPad, by doogud. This article is general information, not medical advice. If something feels wrong, see a doctor.
